INDICATOR DEFINITIONS

Id	Name	Description	Outcome type	Activity	Category	Unit(s)	Definition	Supply chain components	SDGs	Sustainability impact
FSI_0000	Agricultural real factor income per annual work unit (AWU) (sdg_02_20)	Agricultural real factor income measures the income generated by farming, which is used to remunerate borrowed or rented factors of production (capital, wages and land rents) as well as own production factors (own labour, capital and land). Annual work units (AWUs) are defined as full-time equivalent employment (corresponding to the number of full-time equivalent jobs), which is calculated by dividing total hours worked by the average annual number of hours worked in full-time jobs within the economic territory. This can be interpreted as a measure of labour productivity in agriculture. The data stem from the Economic Accounts for Agriculture (EAA), which provide detailed information on agricultural sector income.	economic impacts	-	Farmers' income	Euro per annual work unit (AWU)		primary food production	EU_SDG_02_20	positive
FSI_0001	Index of the real income of factors in agriculture per annual work unit (Indicator A)	"This yardstick corresponds to the real net value added at factor cost of agriculture per total AWU" Reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/aact_esms.htm	economic impacts	-	Farmers' income	Index, 2010=100 Index, 2015=100 Index, n-1 = 100		primary food production		positive
FSI_0002	Index of real net agricultural entrepreneurial income, per unpaid annual work unit (Indicator B)	"This indicator presents the changes in net entrepreneurial income over time, per non-salaried AWU." Reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/aact_esms.htm	economic impacts	-	Farmers' income	Index, 2010=100 Index, 2015=100 Index, n-1 = 100		primary food production		positive
FSI_0003	Net entrepreneurial income of agriculture (Indicator C)	"This income aggregate is presented as an absolute value (or in the form of an index in real terms). It allows comparability over time of the income of the agricultural industry between Member States." Reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/aact_esms.htm	economic impacts	-	Farmers' income	Index, 2010=100 Index, 2015=100 Index, n-1 = 100		primary food production		positive
FSI_0170	Proportion of agricultural land area that has achieved an acceptable or desirable level of net farm income	see metadata (section 2.4.1): https://files-faostat.fao.org/production/SDGB/Metadata.xlsx	economic impacts	-	Farmers' income	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0005	Farmers' income compared to wages in the rest of the economy	Share of average wage in whole economy; Agricultural entrepreneurial income measures the income derived from agricultural activities that can be used for the remuneration of own production factors, i.e. non-salaried (= family) labour, land belonging to the agricultural holding and own capital. The agricultural income aggregates do not represent the disposable income of farm households, because the latter, in addition to their purely agricultural incomes, may also have income from other sources (non-agricultural activities, remuneration, social benefits, income from property). Comparing agricultural income to average wages in the economy nonetheless provides an estimate for the opportunity cost of agricultural family labour, i.e., the average income opportunities that a person would have outside of agriculture. The Agricultural entrepreneurial income can be negative (in SK e.g.). In this case the share is not calculated. (https://agridata.ec.europa.eu/Qlik_Downloads/Jobs-Growth-sources.htm)	economic impacts	-	Farmers' income	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0006	Government support to agricultural research and development (sdg_02_30)	The indicator refers to government budget allocations for research and development (GBARD) for agriculture. GBARD data measure government support for research and development (R&D) activities, or, in other words, how much priority governments place on the public funding of R&D. GBARD data are compiled using the guidelines laid out in the OECD's Frascati Manual from 2015 and the European Business Statistics Methodological Manual for R&D statistics of 2023.	economic impacts	-	Competitiveness	Euro per inhabitant Millions of euro (from 1.1.1999)/ECU (up to 31.12.1998)		primary food production	EU_SDG_02_30	positive
FSI_0007	Real GDP per capita (sdg_08_10)	The indicator is calculated as the ratio of real GDP to the average population of a specific year. GDP measures the value of total final output of goods and services produced by an economy within a certain period of time. It includes goods and services that have markets (or which could have markets) and products which are produced by general government and non-profit institutions. It is a measure of economic activity and is also used as a proxy for the development in a country's material living standards. However, it is a limited measure of economic welfare. For example, neither does GDP include most unpaid household work nor does GDP take account of negative effects of economic activity, like environmental degradation.	economic impacts	-	Competitiveness	Chain linked volumes (2010), euro per capita		food processing primary food production retail transport	EU_SDG_08_10	positive
FSI_0008	Balance of trade	The International trade balance indicator is the difference between exports and imports of goods. Exports of goods record flows from an EA/EU Member State to a non-EA/EU country while imports record inwards flows. Exports are expressed in value terms and measured free on board (FOB), while imports are expressed in value terms and measured "cost, insurance, freight" (CIF ). "Goods" means all movable property including electric current. Data are expressed in million euros. Data are presented in the calendar and seasonally adjusted form.	economic impacts	-	Competitiveness	Millions of euro (from 1.1.1999)/ECU (up to 31.12.1998)		food processing primary food production retail		positive
FSI_0009	Agriculture value added share of GDP	see metadata (section 2.a.1): https://files-faostat.fao.org/production/SDGB/Metadata.xlsx	economic impacts	-	Competitiveness	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0010	Agriculture orientation index (AOI) for government expenditures	The Agriculture Orientation Index (AOI) for Government Expenditures is defined as the Agriculture share of Government Expenditure, divided by the Agriculture value added share of GDP, where Agriculture refers to the agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting sector. The measure is a currency-free index, calculated as the ratio of these two shares. National governments are requested to compile Government Expenditures according to the Government Finance Statistics (GFS) and the Classification of the Functions of Government (COFOG), and Agriculture value added share of GDP according to the System of National Accounts (SNA).	economic impacts	-	Competitiveness	Index		primary food production		negative
FSI_0011	Research and development expenditure	Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development.	economic impacts	-	Competitiveness	Percentage of gross domestic product (GDP)				positive
FSI_0012	Labour productivity in the agricultural/beverages/fishing and aquaculture/food sector	For definitions, data sources etc., see the following website: https://datam.jrc.ec.europa.eu/datam/mashup/BIOECONOMICS/index.html	economic impacts	-	Competitiveness			food processing primary food production retail transport		positive
FSI_0013	(Gross) value added along the food chain (by sector; Agriculture, Fishing and Aquaculture, Food and Beverage selectable)	For metadata and definitions see the information provided by the JRC EU Food System Monitoring Dashboard (https://datam.jrc.ec.europa.eu/datam/mashup/EU_FOOD_SYSTEM_MONITORING/index.html): Description: The Gross Value Added (GVA) along the food chain measures the economic value generated by the food chain, including agriculture, food processing, and distribution. It is defined as the value of output less the value of intermediate consumption. GVA is valued at basic prices and intermediate consumption is valued at purchasers' prices. Justification of selection: GVA provides valuable insights into the sector's sustainability and alignment with green economy objectives, making it a crucial metric for driving sustainable practices and policies. In general, growing value added can indicate higher productivity and efficiency of production. Currently, we can only show data for the primary sectors and the food processing sectors. Other sectors will be incorporated in the future. With a complete dataset, this indicator can provide valuable insights on the share of value added that is captured at each step of the supply chain. Monitored over time, it can assess progress towards the transition to a sustainable food system.	economic impacts	-	Competitiveness	Percentage of gross domestic product (GDP)		food processing primary food production retail transport		positive
FSI_0014	Products under EU quality schemes (per scheme: PDO, PGI, TSG, GI)	PDO = Protected Designation of Origin PGI = Protected Geographical Indication TSG = Traditional Speciality Guaranteed GI = Geographical Indication The Focus Area 3A of Rural Development Programmes is improving competitiveness of primary producers by better integrating them into the agri-food chain. https://agridata.ec.europa.eu/Qlik_Downloads/Adding-Value-sources.htm	economic impacts	-	Competitiveness	Number		food processing primary food production		positive
FSI_0015	Adjusted gross disposable income of households per capita	The adjusted gross disposable income of households per capita in PPS is calculated as the adjusted gross disposable income of households and Non-Profit Institutions Serving Households (NPISH) divided by the purchasing power parities (PPP) of the actual individual consumption of households and by the total resident population. Purchasing power parities (PPPs) are indicators of price level differences across countries. PPPs tell us how many currency units a given quantity of goods and services costs in different countries. PPPs can thus be used as currency conversion rates to convert expenditures expressed in national currencies into an artificial common currency, the purchasing power standard (PPS), eliminating the effect of price level differences across countries. The main use of PPPs is to convert national accounts aggregates into comparable volume aggregates. Applying nominal exchange rates in this process would overestimate the disposable income of countries with high price levels relative to countries with low price levels. The use of PPPs ensures that the adjusted disposable of all countries is valued at a uniform price level and thus reflects only differences in the actual volume of the economy. -> From "Reference metadata": https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/tec00113_esmsip2.htm	economic impacts	-	Food affordability	Purchasing power standard (PPS, EU27 from 2020)		consumption retail		positive
FSI_0016	Consumer Prices, Food Indices (2015 = 100)	The Food CPI measures the change over time in the general level of prices of food and non-alcoholic beverage items that households acquire, use or pay for consumption. This is done by measuring the cost of purchasing a fixed basket of consumer food and beverage of constant quality and similar characteristics, with the products in the basket being selected to be representative of households' expenditure during a specified period.	economic impacts	-	Food affordability			consumption retail		negative
FSI_0017	Food price inflation	Not available	economic impacts	-	Food affordability	Percentage		consumption retail		negative
FSI_0018	Cost of a healthy diet (CoHD), PPP dollar per person per day	The cost of a healthy diet indicator is the cost of purchasing the least expensive locally available foods to meet requirements for energy and food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs), for a representative person within energy balance at 2 330 kcal/day. The cost of a healthy diet is converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity (PPP).	economic impacts	-	Food affordability			consumption retail		negative
FSI_0019	Prevalence of unaffordability (PUA)	The indicator estimates the percentage of individuals in a population whose disposable income, net of the amount needed to acquire all basic non-food goods and services, is lower than the least-cost healthy diet. A cost threshold (r) is obtained by summing the cost of a healthy diet (CoHD) with the cost of basic non-food goods and services (n). The PUA indicator is obtained by contrasting the threshold r against country-specific income distribution data that are provided by the World Bank's Poverty and Inequality Platform (PIP).	economic impacts	-	Food affordability	Percentage		consumption retail		negative
FSI_0020	Number of people unable to afford a healthy diet (NUA)	The indicator estimates the total number of people who are unable to afford a healthy diet. The NUA indicator is computed by multiplying PUA by the reference population size taken from the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects.	economic impacts	-	Food affordability	Million persons		consumption retail		negative
FSI_0021	Indicator of Food Price Anomalies (IFPA), by Food CPI	The indicator of food price anomalies (IFPA) identifies market prices that are abnormally high. The IFPA relies on a weighted compound growth rate that accounts for both within year and across year price growth. The indicator directly evaluates growth in prices over a particular month over many years, taking into account seasonality in agricultural markets and inflation, allowing to answer the question of whether or not a change in price is abnormal for any particular period.	economic impacts	-	Food affordability			consumption food processing primary food production retail		negative
FSI_0022	Inflation, consumer prices (annual %)	Inflation as measured by the consumer price index reflects the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. The Laspeyres formula is generally used.	economic impacts	-	Food affordability	Percentage in the year		consumption retail		negative
FSI_0023	Adjusted net national income per capita (constant 2015 US$)	Adjusted net national income complements gross national income (GNI) in assessing economic progress (Hamilton and Ley 2010) by providing a broader measure of national income that accounts for the depletion of natural resources. Adjusted net national income is calculated by subtracting from GNI a charge for the consumption of fixed capital (a calculation that yields net national income) and for the depletion of natural resources. The deduction for the depletion of natural resources, which covers net forest depletion, energy depletion, and mineral depletion, reflects the decline in asset values associated with the extraction and harvesting of natural resources. This is analogous to depreciation of fixed assets. Growth rates of adjusted net national income are computed from constant price series deflated using the gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) deflator.	economic impacts	-	Food affordability			consumption retail		positive
FSI_0024	Change of consumer food prices	Reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/prc_fsc_idx_esms.htm#shortstat_conc_defDisseminated Also see the metadata provided by the JRC EU Food System Monitoring Dashboard for the indicator "Consumer food inflation": https://datam.jrc.ec.europa.eu/datam/mashup/EU_FOOD_SYSTEM_MONITORING/index.html	economic impacts	-	Food affordability			consumption retail		negative
FSI_0025	Price indices of the means of agricultural production, input	A price index is a measure of the change in the prices of goods and services either as they leave their place of production or as they enter the production process. A measure of the change in the prices received by domestic producers for their outputs or of the change in the prices paid by domestic producers for their intermediate inputs. Therefore, basically, a price index illustrates how the price of a product or of a basket of products has changed since the base period. The base price of an index is 100 by agreement, meaning that, for instance, an index equal to 110 reflects an increase in the absolute price of 10% and an index equal to 95 a decrease of 5%.	economic impacts	-	Food affordability	Index, 2015=100		primary food production		negative
FSI_0026	Household final consumption expenditure by purpose: Share of food expenditure	See the information provided by the JRC EU Food System Monitoring Dashboard for the indicator "Share of household spending on food". https://datam.jrc.ec.europa.eu/datam/mashup/EU_FOOD_SYSTEM_MONITORING/index.html	economic impacts	-	Food affordability	Percentage of total		consumption		negative
FSI_0027	Affordability of a healthy diet: ratio of cost to food expenditures	The ratio of the cost of a healthy diet to total food expenditure per capita per day from national accounts. Food Prices for Nutrition provides indicators on the cost and affordability of healthy diets in each country, showing the population's physical and economic access to sufficient quantities of locally available items for an active and healthy life. It also provides indicators on the cost and affordability of an energy-sufficient diet and of a nutrient-adequate diet.	economic impacts	-	Food affordability	Ratio		consumption		negative
FSI_0028	Self-sufficiency rate per member state (by food product)	See the metadata provided by the JRC EU Food System Monitoring Dashboard for the indicator "Self-sufficiency rates - commodities". https://datam.jrc.ec.europa.eu/datam/mashup/EU_FOOD_SYSTEM_MONITORING/index.html	economic impacts	-	Economic resilience	Rate		food processing primary food production		positive
FSI_0029	Area at risk of severe soil erosion by water (sdg_15_50)	The indicator estimates the area potentially affected by severe soil erosion by water such as rain splash, sheet-wash and rills (soil loss > 10 tonnes/hectare/year). This area is expressed in km2 and as a percentage of the total non-artificial, erodible area in the country. Where there is no land that is at risk of soil erosion by water of more than 10 tonnes per hectare, a country will have a zero value. Soil erosion may still be occurring in areas of those countries, but at a rate of less than 10 tonnes per hectare. Reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/sdg_15_50_esmsip2.htm	environmental impacts	-	Conserv. of natural resources			primary food production	EU_SDG_15_50	negative
FSI_0030	Water exploitation index, plus (WEI+) (sdg_06_60)	The water exploitation index (WEI+) provides a measure of total water consumption as a percentage of the renewable freshwater resources available for a given territory and period It quantifies how much water is abstracted and how much water is returned to the environment by economic sectors before or after use. The difference between water abstractions and water returns is regarded as 'water consumption'. In the absence of Europe-wide agreed formal targets, values above 20 % are generally considered to be a sign of water scarcity, while values equal or greater than 40 % indicate situations of severe water scarcity, meaning the use of freshwater resources is unsustainable. Annual calculations of the WEI+ at national level do not reflect uneven spatial and seasonal distribution of resources and may therefore mask water stress, which occurs on a seasonal or regional basis. The indicator is produced by the EEA based on modelling data from the WISE SoE-Water quantity database (WISE 3) and other open sources (Eurostat, OECD) and including gap filling methods.	environmental impacts	-	Conserv. of natural resources			food processing primary food production	EU_SDG_06_60	negative
FSI_0031	Final energy consumption by agriculture/forestry per hectare of utilised agricultural area	This indicator expresses the sum of the energy supplied to agriculture for all energy uses.	environmental impacts	-	Conserv. of natural resources			primary food production		negative
FSI_0032	Livestock density index	The livestock density index provides the number of livestock units (LSU) per hectare of utilised agricultural area. The LSU is a reference unit which facilitates the aggregation of livestock from various species and ages. The LSU coefficients, which are at the basis of this indicator, are established by convention (originally, they were related to the animals' feed requirements, the reference being a dairy cow with an annual yield of 3000 kg milk, without additional concentrated feedstuffs). In the interpretation of the livestock density index, the limits of this theoretical unit are to be taken into account. The livestock species aggregated in the LSU total, for the purpose of this indicator, are: cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, poultry and rabbits. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Glossary:Livestock_density_index: The livestock density index is an indicator for the pressure of livestock farming on the environment. Livestock, through manure production, contributes to climate change (greenhouse gas emissions) and nutrient leaching into water and air. A higher livestock density means that a higher amount of manure is available per ha of UAA, which increases the risk of nutrient leaching. The actual impact on the environment of livestock farming is not only depending on the amount of livestock, but also depends on farming practices. An increase in the livestock index, therefore does not necessarily needs to lead to environmental degradation.	environmental impacts	-	Conserv. of natural resources			primary food production		negative
FSI_0033	Estimated soil loss by water erosion by land cover type	Soil erosion by water is one of the most widespread forms of soil degradation in Europe. The indicator soil erosion estimates the soil loss by water erosion processes (rain splash, sheetwash and rills) for different land cover types which are based on the Corine Land Cover nomenclature: Agricultural areas and natural grassland, split in the latter two land cover types: i) Agricultural areas excluding pastures ii) Pastures and natural grassland The figures of the affected area are represented in tonnes per hectares per year. The erosion rate comprises the whole estimated erosion > 0 tonnes/hectare/year. The affected area considers only potentially erosive-prone land, meaning that artificial, sandy, rocky and icy surfaces as well as wetlands and water bodies are not included in the area on which the indicator is based. Data on soil erosion are published under agreement with the data provider - Joint Research Centre of the European Commission (JRC - ISPRA). These data represent the soil erosion rates by water estimated on the basis of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) empirical computer model. Reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/aei_pr_soiler_esms.htm Soil erosion (by water and wind) can be defined as the wearing away of the land surface by physical forces such as rainfall, flowing water, wind, ice, temperature change, gravity or other natural or anthropogenic agents that abrade, detach and remove soil or geological material from one point on the earth's surface to be deposited elsewhere. When used in the context of pressures on soil, erosion refers to accelerated loss of soil as a result of anthropogenic activity, in excess of accepted rates of natural soil formation. The main factors affecting the rates of soil erosion by water are precipitation, soil type, topography, land use and land management. [...]	environmental impacts	-	Conserv. of natural resources			primary food production		negative
FSI_0034	Share of landcover types affected by severe erosion	Soil erosion by water is one of the most widespread forms of soil degradation in Europe. The indicator soil erosion estimates the soil loss by water erosion processes (rain splash, sheetwash and rills) for different land cover types which are based on the Corine Land Cover nomenclature: Agricultural areas and natural grassland, split in the latter two land cover types: i) Agricultural areas excluding pastures ii) Pastures and natural grassland The figures of the affected area are shown in percentages which indicate the share of area under severe soil erosion of the selected land cover class. The erosion rate "severe" is defined as the estimated erosion > 10 tonnes/hectares/year.	environmental impacts	-	Conserv. of natural resources	Percentage		primary food production		negative
FSI_0035	Water use in the manufacturing industry by activity and supply category: Manufacture of food products and beverages	None	environmental impacts	-	Conserv. of natural resources	Million cubic metres		food processing		negative
FSI_0036	Energy use in agriculture	NA	environmental impacts	-	Conserv. of natural resources			primary food production		negative
FSI_0037	Plant genetic resources accessions stored ex situ	Definition: The conservation of plant and animal genetic resources for food and agriculture (GRFA) in medium- or long-term conservation facilities (ex situ, in genebanks) represents the most trusted means of conserving genetic resources worldwide. Plant and animal GRFA conserved in these facilities can be easily used in breeding programmes as well, even directly on-farm. The measure of trends in ex situ conserved materials provides an overall assessment of the extent to which we are managing to maintain and/or increase the total genetic diversity available for future use and thus protected from any permanent loss of genetic diversity which may occur in the natural habitat, i.e. in situ, or on-farm. The two components of the indicator 2.5.1, plant (a) and animal (b) GRFA, are separately counted. The plant component is calculated as the number of accessions of plant genetic resources secured in conservation facilities under medium- or long-term conditions, where an 'accession' is defined as a distinct sample of seeds, planting materials or plants which is maintained in a genebank. Genebank Standards for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (accessible at http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/7b79ee93-0f3c-5f58-9adc-5d4ef063f9c7/), set the benchmark for current scientific and technical best practices for conserving plant genetic resources, and support key international policy instruments for the conservation and use of plant genetic resources. These voluntary standards have been endorsed by the FAO Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture at its Fourteenth Regular Session (http://www.fao.org/docrep/meeting/028/mg538e.pdf). Concepts: For more details, consult https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/files/Metadata-02-05-01a.pdf	environmental impacts	-	Conserv. of natural resources	Number		primary food production		positive
FSI_0038	Number of local breeds for which sufficient genetic resources are stored for reconstitution	Definition: The conservation of plant and animal genetic resources for food and agriculture (GRFA) in medium- or long-term conservation facilities (ex situ in vito, i.e. in genebanks) represents trusted means of conserving genetic resources worldwide. The measure of trends in ex situ conserved materials provides partial assessment of the extent to which we are managing to maintain genetic diversity available for future use and thus protected from any permanent loss of genetic diversity which may occur in the natural habitat, i.e. in situ/on-farm. The two components of the indicator 2.5.1, plant (a) and animal (b) GRFA, are separately counted. The animal component is calculated as the number of local (i.e. being reported to exist only in one country) and transboundary (i.e. being reported to exist in more than one country) breeds with material stored within a genebank collection with an amount of genetic material which is required to reconstitute the breed in case of extinction (further information on "sufficient material stored to reconstitute a breed" can be found in the Guidelines on Cryoconservation of Animal Genetic Resources, FAO, 2012, accessible at http://www.fao.org/docrep/016/i3017e/i3017e00.htm). The guidelines have been endorsed by the FAO Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture at its Thirteenth Regular Session (http://www.fao.org/docrep/meeting/024/mc192e.pdf). Concepts: Breed: A breed is either a sub-specific group of domestic livestock with definable and identifiable external characteristics that enable it to be separated by visual appraisal from other similarly defined groups within the same species, or a group for which geographical and/or cultural separation from phenotypically similar groups has led to acceptance of its separate identity.	environmental impacts	-	Conserv. of natural resources	Number		primary food production		positive
FSI_0039	Annual freshwater withdrawals, agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal)	This indicator measures the pressure on the renewable water resources of a country caused by irrigation. According to Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD) agriculture accounts for more than 70 percent of freshwater drawn from lakes, rivers and underground sources. Most is used for irrigation which provides about 40 percent of the world food production. Poor management has resulted in the salinization of about 20 percent of the world's irrigated land, with an additional 1.5 million ha affected annually. Water withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of total renewable resources where extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable or where water reuse is significant. Withdrawals for agriculture and industry are total withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production and for direct industrial use (including for cooling thermoelectric plants).	environmental impacts	-	Conserv. of natural resources			primary food production		negative
FSI_0040	Common farmland bird index	Up to reference year 2014, the unsmoothed national farmland bird indices were provided to Eurostat by the national BirdLife organisations based on an agreed national list of species (see the annexed "National lists of farmland bird species lists as of 2014"). Note that only one species, the skylark Alauda arvensis, is common to all the national lists of farmland birds. Starting from reference year 2015, these indices are collected from the EU Member States by the OECD, whether or not they are members of OECD.	environmental impacts	-	Biodiversity conservation	Index, 2000=100		primary food production		positive
FSI_0041	Investments related to biodiversity	Share of farms benefitting from CAP investment support contributing to biodiversity	environmental impacts	-	Biodiversity conservation	Percentage				positive
FSI_0042	Area under organic farming (sdg_02_40)	The indicator measures the share of total utilised agricultural area (UAA) occupied by organic farming (existing organically-farmed areas and areas in process of conversion). Farming is recognised to be organic if it complies with Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007, which has set up a comprehensive framework for the organic production of crops and livestock and for the labelling, processing and marketing of organic products, as well as for governing imports of organic products into the EU. The detailed rules for the implementation of this Regulation are laid down in Commission Regulation (EC) No 889/2008.	environmental impacts	-	Organic farming			primary food production	EU_SDG_02_40	positive
FSI_0043	Organic crops by utilised agricultural area, economic size of the farm and NUTS 2 region	None	environmental impacts	-	Organic farming			primary food production		positive
FSI_0044	Organic animal farming by utilised agricultural area, livestock unit, economic size of the farm and NUTS 2 region	None	environmental impacts	-	Organic farming			primary food production		positive
FSI_0045	Organic operators (by status of the registration process)	Number of certified organic operators such as producers (agricultural holdings, aquaculture production units), processors, importers, exporters and other operators (wholesalers, retailers, etc.) -> See the linked reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/org_esms.htm	environmental impacts	-	Organic farming	Number		food processing primary food production		positive
FSI_0046	Organic crop area by agricultural production methods and crops	NA; see the linked reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/org_esms.htm	environmental impacts	-	Organic farming			primary food production		positive
FSI_0047	Organic crop production by crops	NA; see the linked reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/org_esms.htm	environmental impacts	-	Organic farming	Tonne		primary food production		positive
FSI_0048	Organic livestock	Certified organic livestock expressed in heads of live animals; see the linked reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/org_esms.htm	environmental impacts	-	Organic farming			primary food production		positive
FSI_0049	Organic production of animal products (by product)	NA; see the linked reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/org_esms.htm	environmental impacts	-	Organic farming	Tonne		food processing primary food production		positive
FSI_0050	Organic production of aquaculture products	NA; see the linked reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/org_esms.htm	environmental impacts	-	Organic farming			primary food production		positive
FSI_0051	Processors of organic products by NACE Rev. 2 activity(C)	NA; see the linked reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/org_esms.htm	environmental impacts	-	Organic farming	Number		food processing		positive
FSI_0052	Ammonia emissions from agriculture (sdg_02_60)	This indicator measures ammonia (NH3) emissions as a result of agricultural production. These emissions result from inorganic nitrogen fertilisers and animal manure applied to soil, as well as urine and dung deposited by grazing animals. Data for this indicator come from the EU inventory on air pollution compiled by the European Environment Agency (EEA) under the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP) and are fully consistent with national air pollution inventories compiled by EU Member States. Data on the utilised agricultural area (UAA) stem from Eurostat's annual crop statistics. The definition of this indicator is based on the common agricultural policy (CAP) indicator C45 Emissions from agriculture.	environmental impacts	-	GHG emissions			primary food production	EU_SDG_02_60	negative
FSI_0053	Greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture	This indicator tracks trends in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by agriculture, estimated and reported under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol and the Decision 525/2013/EC.	environmental impacts	-	GHG emissions			primary food production		negative
FSI_0054	Greenhouse gas emissions by source sector (Agriculture selectable)	NA; see the linked reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/env_air_gge_esms.htm	environmental impacts	-	GHG emissions			primary food production		negative
FSI_0055	Emissions (e.g. CO2) from the individual stages of the food value chain	The following stages of the value chain are (among others) selectable: Food Processing, Food Packaging, Food Retail, Food Household Consumption, Food Transport	environmental impacts	-	GHG emissions	Thousands of tonnes		consumption food processing primary food production retail transport		negative
FSI_0056	Emissions indicators; resulting from agriculture (several, e.g.: -Emissions per capita from pre- and post-production -Emissions per capita from livestock, …)	The FAOSTAT domain Emissions indicators disseminates indicators on sectoral shares of total national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as well as three indicators of emissions intensity: per capita emissions; emissions per value of agricultural production; and emissions per area of agricultural land.	environmental impacts	-	GHG emissions			primary food production		negative
FSI_0057	Emission intensity of commodity (e.g. meat of cattle with the bone, fresh or chilled or cereals excluding rice)	The FAOSTAT domain Emissions intensities contains analytical data on the intensity of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by agricultural commodity. This indicator is defined as greenhouse gas emissions per kg of product. Data are available for a set of agricultural commodities (e.g. rice and other cereals, meat, milk, eggs), by country, with global coverage and relative to the period 1961-2020.	environmental impacts	-	GHG emissions			primary food production		negative
FSI_0058	Emissions from livestock (N2O)	The FAOSTAT domain Emissions from livestock provides information on emissions generated from four livestock processes, namely Enteric fermentation; Manure left on pastures; Manure management; and Manure applied to soils. Estimates are computed following the Tier 1 method of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National greenhouse gas Inventories (IPCC, 2006).	environmental impacts	-	GHG emissions	Thousands of tonnes		primary food production		negative
FSI_0059	Emissions from livestock (CH4)	The FAOSTAT domain Emissions from livestock provides information on emissions generated from four livestock processes, namely Enteric fermentation; Manure left on pastures; Manure management; and Manure applied to soils. Estimates are computed following the Tier 1 method of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National greenhouse gas Inventories (IPCC, 2006).	environmental impacts	-	GHG emissions	Thousands of tonnes		primary food production		negative
FSI_0060	Emissions from crops (N2O)	The FAOSTAT domain Emissions from Crops provides estimates of emissions associated with crop processes, namely Crop residues, Burning of crop residues, and Rice cultivation and the application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers, including mineral and chemical fertilizers, to soils. Estimates are computed at Tier 1 following the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National greenhouse gas (GHG) Inventories (IPCC, 2006).	environmental impacts	-	GHG emissions	Thousands of tonnes		primary food production		negative
FSI_0061	Emissions from crops (CH4)	The FAOSTAT domain Emissions from Crops provides estimates of emissions associated with crop processes, namely Crop residues, Burning of crop residues, and Rice cultivation and the application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers, including mineral and chemical fertilizers, to soils. Estimates are computed at Tier 1 following the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National greenhouse gas (GHG) Inventories (IPCC, 2006).	environmental impacts	-	GHG emissions	Thousands of tonnes		primary food production		negative
FSI_0062	Emissions from pre and post agricultural production	-Different stages of the food value chain selectable: e.g., Fertilizers/Pesticides Manufacturing, Food Processing, Food Household Consumption, … -Different emission types selectable: CO2, CH4, N2O	environmental impacts	-	GHG emissions	Thousands of tonnes		consumption food processing primary food production retail transport		negative
FSI_0063	Air pollutants by source sector ("Food and beverages industry" selectable)	The European Union (EU) as a party to the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP Convention) reports annually its air pollution inventory for the year t-2 and within the area covered by its Member States. Under the Convention, parties are obliged to report emissions data for numerous air pollutants. This dataset includes data on air pollutants: sulphur oxides (SOx), ammonia (NH3), nitrogen oxides (NOx), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), particulate matters (PM10, PM2.5), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg), Arsenic (As), Chromium (Cr) Copper (Cu), Nickel (Ni), Selenium (Se) and Zinc (Zn), as reported to the European Environment Agency (EEA). The EU inventory is fully consistent with national air pollution inventories compiled by the EU Member States. For more information, see the linked reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/env_air_emis_esms.htm#shortstat_conc_defDisseminated	environmental impacts	-	Air pollutants	Tonne		food processing		negative
FSI_0064	Use and risk of chemical pesticides (sdg_02_53)	The indicator monitors the trends in the use and risk of chemical pesticides in the EU and its Member States. The use of pesticides entails risks and impacts on human health and the environment. The indicator is based on the quantities of chemical active substances contained in the pesticides which are placed on the market (sold), and therefore used, in each Member State, and the hazard properties of these active substances. The data are presented as an index relative to the average results for the period 2015 to 2017.	environmental impacts	-	Pesticide and antibiotic use			primary food production	EU_SDG_02_53	negative
FSI_0065	Sales of pesticides by type of pesticide	Volume of pesticides sold in the Member States. This data collection comprises pesticide sales data in EU27 (from 2020) and EFTA (Switzerland and Norway) based on the term "placing on the market" as defined in Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market.	environmental impacts	-	Pesticide and antibiotic use			primary food production		negative
FSI_0066	Harmonised risk indicator 1 for pesticides by categorisation of active substances	Harmonised risk indicators are established in order to measure the progress achieved in meeting the objectives of the Directive 2009/128/EC on the sustainable use of pesticides. The data set shows the values of the Harmonised risk indicator 1 (HRI 1 - hereafter referred to as 'the Harmonised risk indicator'), established in Commission Directive (EU) 2019/782 of 15 May 2019, amending Directive 2009/128/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the establishment of harmonised risk indicators. The indicator is presented as indices relative to a baseline of 100 (see section 3.9). The Harmonised risk indicator is based on statistics on the quantity of active substances in plant protection products placed on the market under Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009, provided to Eurostat according to Annex I of Regulation (EC) No 1185/2009. Those data are categorised into 4 risk groups and multiplied by hazard weightings established in Commission Directive (EU) 2019/782. The results of the calculations are then aggregated. The Member States and the Commission shall calculate and publish the Harmonised risk indicator in accordance with Articles 15(2) and 15(4) of Directive 2009/128/EC for each calendar year. The results of the calculations are available at the latest 20 months after the reference year. Eurostat calculates the EU-level indicator. Eurostat also calculates the national Harmonised risk indicator on behalf of Member States as a service. Member States make the information available to the public before 30 August each year. Reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/aei_hri/default/table?lang=en	environmental impacts	-	Pesticide and antibiotic use			primary food production		negative
FSI_0067	Pesticide use per area of cropland or per value of agricultural production or per capita	Total pesticides, covering insecticides, fungicides and bactericides (including seed treatments), herbicides, plant growth regulators, rodenticides, mineral oils, disinfectants and others.	environmental impacts	-	Pesticide and antibiotic use			primary food production		negative
FSI_0068	Sales of antimicrobials for food-producing animals	Sales for food-producing animals (including horses), in mg per population correction unit (mg/PCU), by country, for 2022	environmental impacts	-	Pesticide and antibiotic use			primary food production		negative
FSI_0069	Consumption of inorganic fertilizers	This data set contains data on the total consumption of inorganic (or mineral) fertilisers - in tonnes of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) - reported by countries or estimated by Eurostat (data for some MS have been estimated in some cases up to 2018). Nutrients, such as N and P, are absorbed from the soil by plants, for their growth. They mainly come in the form of mineral - inorganic - fertilisers, which are widely used in agriculture to optimise production, and organic fertilisers such as manure. While N and P mineral fertilisers greatly enhance crop production, their excessive use may lead to losses of these nutrients to the environment, contributing to environmental pollution. N and P behave differently in terms of their availability for loss from the agricultural system. N is highly soluble with limited build-up in the soils, and research shows a positive relationship between application rate and nitrate loss from the soil root zone. P losses from land occur due to soil erosion and agricultural run-off. Historic over-fertilisation of P can build up soil P saturation, in which case even negligible new fertiliser inputs may increase pollution. For statistical concepts and definition, see the reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/aei_fm_usefert_esms.htm	environmental impacts	-	Fertilizer use			primary food production		negative
FSI_0070	Use of Nutrient nitrogen N fertilizers per area of cropland	Total nitrogen (N) from all fertilizer products	environmental impacts	-	Fertilizer use	Kilograms per hectare		primary food production		negative
FSI_0071	Use of Nutrient phosphate P2O5 fertilizers per area of cropland	Total phosphate (P2O5) from all fertilizer products	environmental impacts	-	Fertilizer use	Kilograms per hectare		primary food production		negative
FSI_0072	Use of Nutrient potash K2O fertilizers per area of cropland	Total potash (K2O) from all fertilizer products	environmental impacts	-	Fertilizer use	Kilograms per hectare		primary food production		negative
FSI_0073	Fertilizer consumption	Fertilizer consumption measures the quantity of plant nutrients used per unit of arable land. Fertilizer products cover nitrogenous, potash, and phosphate fertilizers (including ground rock phosphate). Traditional nutrients--animal and plant manures--are not included. For the purpose of data dissemination, FAO has adopted the concept of a calendar year (January to December). Some countries compile fertilizer data on a calendar year basis, while others are on a split-year basis. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.	environmental impacts	-	Fertilizer use			primary food production		negative
FSI_0074	Gross nutrient balance per hectare UAA - Nitrogen	The GNB is calculated as the balance between inputs and outputs of nutrients to the agricultural soil: The inputs are: Consumption of fertilisers, Gross input of manure, and Other inputs The outputs are: Removal of nutrients with the harvest of crops, Removal of nutrients through the harvest and grazing of fodder, and Crop residues removed from the field.	environmental impacts	-	Fertilizer use	Kilograms per hectare		primary food production		negative
FSI_0075	Gross nutrient balance per hectare UAA - Phosphorus	The GNB is calculated as the balance between inputs and outputs of nutrients to the agricultural soil: The inputs are: Consumption of fertilisers, Gross input of manure, and Other inputs The outputs are: Removal of nutrients with the harvest of crops, Removal of nutrients through the harvest and grazing of fodder, and Crop residues removed from the field.	environmental impacts	-	Fertilizer use	Kilograms per hectare		primary food production		negative
FSI_0076	Drought impact area on ecosystems (sdg_15_42)	This indicator shows the area impacted by drought in [km2] and [% of the total area of the country]. It monitors negative anomalies in vegetation productivity in areas with a severe soil moisture deficit during the growing season (more than one standard deviation from the long term average - observed through remote sensing data at 500x500 metres resolution of the Copernicus EMS European Drought Observatory of the European Commission Joint Research Centre). The indicator covers only agricultural droughts with soil moisture deficits causing reduced vegetation productivity due to insufficient precipitation, as opposed to hydrological droughts, which occur when low water supplies become apparent in streams, reservoirs, and groundwater levels, usually after many months of meteorological drought.	environmental impacts	-	Impacts of climate change			primary food production	EU_SDG_15_42	negative
FSI_0077	Livestock units per agricultural land area (major livestock types)	None	environmental impacts	-	Animal keeping			primary food production		negative
FSI_0078	Livestock production index	None	environmental impacts	-	Animal keeping			primary food production		negative
FSI_0079	Share of laying hens by way of keeping (Enriched cage, Free range, Barn, Organic)	None	environmental impacts	-	Animal keeping			primary food production		undefined
FSI_0080	Food waste and food waste prevention by NACE Rev. 2 activity	According to Waste Framework Directive (2008/98/EC), article 3, point 4a, "food waste means all food as defined in Article 2 of Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council that has become waste"; in simple words, food waste is any food and inedible parts of food, that has entered in the food supply chain, that then has been removed or discarded from the food supply chain or at the final consumption stage, that is finally destined to be processed as waste, either separately collected as food waste or collected in municipal waste; moreover, food waste is any food, and inedible parts of food, removed from the food supply chain to be recovered or disposed Commission delegated decision (EU) 2019/1597 summarises in point 3 of the recital that food waste does not include losses at stages of the food supply chain where certain products have not yet become food. Only includes "food waste", not "food loss" (see definition in the commentary).	environmental impacts	-	Food waste & food loss			consumption disposal & recycling food processing primary food production retail		negative
FSI_0081	Incidence of caloric losses at retail distribution level	None	environmental impacts	-	Food waste & food loss	Percentage		retail		negative
FSI_0082	Nitrate in groundwater	Data are taken from well samples and aggregated to annual average concentrations for groundwater bodies in Europe. Nitrate can persist in groundwater for a long time and accumulate at a high level through inputs from anthropogenic sources (mainly agriculture). The EU drinking water standard is limited to 50 mg NO3/L to avoid threats to human health. The distribution of measured groundwater bodies might mask exceedance of nitrate levels in certain polluted areas.	environmental impacts	-	Water quality			primary food production		negative
FSI_0083	Farm modernisation	Share of farmers receiving investment support to restructure and modernise, including to improve resource efficiency	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0084	Adaptation to climate change	Share of utilised agricultural area (UAA) under supported commitments to improve climate adaptation	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0085	Reducing emissions in the livestock sector	Share of livestock units (LU) under supported commitments to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and/or ammonia, including manure management	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0086	Carbon storage in soils and biomass	Share of utilised agricultural area (UAA) under supported commitments to reduce emissions or to maintain or enhance carbon storage (including permanent grassland, permanent crops with permanent green cover, agricultural land in wetland and peatland)	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0087	Investments related to climate	Share of farms benefitting from CAP investment support contributing to climate change mitigation and adaptation, and to the production of renewable energy or biomaterials	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0088	Improving air quality	Share of utilised agricultural area (UAA) under supported commitments to reduce ammonia emission	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0089	Sustainable and reduced use of pesticides	Share of Utilised Agricultural Area (UAA) under supported specific commitments which lead to a sustainable use of pesticides in order to reduce risks and impacts of pesticides, such as pesticides leakage	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0090	Environmental performance in the livestock sector	Share of livestock units (LU) under supported commitments to improve environmental sustainability	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0091	Investment related to natural resources	Share of farms benefitting from CAP productive and non-productive investment support related to care for the natural resource	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0092	Environmental or climate-related performance through investment in rural areas	Number of operations contributing to environmental sustainability and the achievement of climate mitigation and adaptation goals in rural areas	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.			primary food production		positive
FSI_0093	Development of organic agriculture	Share of utilised agricultural area (UAA) supported by the CAP for organic farming with a split between maintenance and conversion	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0094	Preserving habitats and species	Share of utilised agricultural area (UAA) under supported commitments for supporting biodiversity conservation or restoration including high-nature-value farming practices	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0095	Generational renewal	Number of young farmers benefitting from setting up with support from the CAP, including a gender breakdown	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.			primary food production		positive
FSI_0096	Limiting antimicrobial use	Share of livestock units (LU) concerned by supported actions to limit the use of antimicrobials (prevention/reduction)	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0097	Improving animal welfare	Share of livestock units (LU) covered by supported actions to improve animal welfare	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0098	Redistribution to smaller farms	Percentage of additional direct payments per hectare for eligible farms below average farme size (compared to average)	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0099	Agriculture share of Government Expenditure	see metadata (section 2.a.1): https://files-faostat.fao.org/production/SDGB/Metadata.xlsx	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0100	Agricultural training of farm managers (categorized by "Only practical agricultural experience", "Basic agricultural training" and "Full agricultural training")	The indicator provides information on the farm managers who have attained basic and full education levels in agriculture. The different categories of agricultural training are defined as follows: Only practical agricultural experience: experience acquired through practical work on an agricultural holding. Basic agricultural training: any training courses completed at a general agricultural college and/or an institution specialising in certain subjects (including horticulture, viticulture, sylviculture, pisciculture, veterinary science, agricultural technology and associated subjects). A completed agricultural apprenticeship is regarded as basic training. Full agricultural training: any training course continuing for the equivalent of at least two years full time training after the end of compulsory education and completed at an agricultural college, university or other institute of higher education in agriculture, horticulture, viticulture, sylviculture, pisciculture, veterinary science, agricultural technology or an associated subject.	environmental impacts	-	Sus. development_primary prod.			primary food production		positive
FSI_0101	Disaster risk reduction progress score (1-5 scale; 5=best)	Resilience is measured by the disaster risk reduction progress score, an average of self-assessment scores submitted by countries under Priority 1 of the Hyogo Framework National Progress Reports. The Hyogo Framework is a global blueprint for disaster risk reduction efforts that was adopted by 168 countries in 2005. Assessments of Priority 1 include four indicators that reflect the degree to which countries have prioritized disaster risk reduction and the strengthening of relevant institutions.	environmental impacts	-	Ecological resilience					positive
FSI_0102	Consumption Footprint - Food	The Consumption Footprint assesses the environmental impacts of the apparent consumption of goods, including both the impacts of both production and trade. The Consumption Footprint has a full bottom-up approach (process-based life cycle assessment) and considers the impacts of the consumption of citizens in the areas of food, mobility, housing, household goods and appliances.	environmental impacts	-	Cross-cutting indicators			consumption		negative
FSI_0103	Obesity rate by body mass index (BMI) (sdg_02_10)	The indicator measures the share of obese people based on their body mass index (BMI). BMI is defined as the weight in kilos divided by the square of the height in meters. People aged 18 years or over are considered obese with a BMI equal or greater than 30. Other categories are: underweight (BMI less than 18.5), normal weight (BMI between 18.5 and less than 25), and pre-obese (BMI between 25 and less than 30). The category overweight (BMI equal or greater than 25) combines the two categories pre-obese and obese.	health impacts	-	Nutritional health outcomes			consumption	EU_SDG_02_10	negative
FSI_0104	Body mass index (BMI) by sex, age and degree of urbanisation	Body mass index (BMI): Distribution of the population according to their body mass index (BMI). BMI is defined as the weight in kilos divided by the square of the height in meters. For dissemination purpose, the following modalities are used: - Underweight: BMI less than 18.5 - Normal weight: BMI between 18.5 and less than 25 - Pre-obese: BMI between 25 and less than 30 - Obese: BMI equal or greater than 30	health impacts	-	Nutritional health outcomes			consumption		undefined
FSI_0105	Person distribution by body mass index, educational attainment level, sex and age	The body mass index (BMI) is a measure of a person's weight relative to their height that links fairly well with body fat. The BMI is used as a measure of obesity for adults (those aged 18 years and over) when only weight and height data are available. It is calculated as a person's weight (in kilograms) divided by the square of his or her height (in metres): BMI = weight (kg) / [height * height] (m²).	health impacts	-	Nutritional health outcomes			consumption		undefined
FSI_0106	Body mass index (BMI) by sex, age and educational attainment level	Body mass index (BMI): Distribution of the population according to their body mass index (BMI). BMI is defined as the weight in kilos divided by the square of the height in meters. For dissemination purpose, the following modalities are used: - Underweight: BMI less than 18.5 - Normal weight: BMI between 18.5 and less than 25 - Pre-obese: BMI between 25 and less than 30 - Obese: BMI equal or greater than 30 - Overweight: BMI equal or greater than 25 (Pre-obese + Obese)	health impacts	-	Nutritional health outcomes			consumption		undefined
FSI_0107	Body mass index (BMI) by sex, age and income quintile	Body mass index (BMI): Distribution of the population according to their body mass index (BMI). BMI is defined as the weight in kilos divided by the square of the height in meters. For dissemination purpose, the following modalities are used: - Underweight: BMI less than 18.5 - Normal weight: BMI between 18.5 and less than 25 - Pre-obese: BMI between 25 and less than 30 - Obese: BMI equal or greater than 30 - Overweight: BMI equal or greater than 25 (Pre-obese + Obese)	health impacts	-	Nutritional health outcomes			consumption		undefined
FSI_0108	Prevalence of obesity in the adult population (18 years and older)	Percentage of adults aged 18 and over whose Body Mass Index (BMI) is more than 30 kg/m2.	health impacts	-	Nutritional health outcomes	Percentage		consumption		negative
FSI_0109	Percentage of children under 5 years of age who are overweight (modelled estimates)	Weight-for-height more than 2 standard deviations of the WHO Child Growth Standards median among children aged 0-59 months.	health impacts	-	Nutritional health outcomes	Percentage		consumption		negative
FSI_0110	Prevalence of overweight and obesity among boys and girls aged 7-9 years	Information on COSI from Leibniz-Institut (Germany): https://www.bips-institut.de/en/research/projects/detail-view.html?projID=1034&cHash=7091b4f6b96a260495d207d5bd034e2b	health impacts	-	Nutritional health outcomes	Percentage		consumption		negative
FSI_0111	Prevalence of anemia among women of reproductive age (15-49 years)	Prevalence of anemia among women of reproductive age refers to the combined prevalence of both non-pregnant with haemoglobin levels below 12 g/dL and pregnant women with haemoglobin levels below 11 g/dL.	health impacts	-	Nutritional health outcomes	Percentage		consumption		negative
FSI_0112	Prevalence of anemia among children (% of children ages 6-59 months)	Prevalence of anemia, children ages 6-59 months, is the percentage of children ages 6-59 months whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter, adjusted for altitude.	health impacts	-	Nutritional health outcomes			consumption food processing		negative
FSI_0113	Prevalence of underweight children	Prevalence of underweight children is the percentage of children under age 5 whose weight for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. The data are based on the WHO's 2006 Child Growth Standards.	health impacts	-	Nutritional health outcomes			consumption		negative
FSI_0114	Diabetes prevalence	Diabetes prevalence refers to the percentage of people ages 20-79 who have type 1 or type 2 diabetes. It is calculated by adjusting to a standard population age-structure.	health impacts	-	Nutritional health outcomes			consumption		negative
FSI_0115	Daily consumption of fruit and vegetables by sex, age and educational attainment level (hlth_ehis_fv3e)	Distribution of the population according to the number of portions of fruit and vegetables consumed per day. The following modalities are used: 'Not eating fruit or vegetables daily, 1 to 4 portions per day, 5 or more portions per day'.	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		positive
FSI_0116	Daily consumption of fruit and vegetables by sex, age and income quintile	Distribution of the population according to the number of portions of fruit and vegetables consumed per day. The following modalities are used: 'Not eating fruit or vegetables daily, 1 to 4 portions per day, 5 or more portions per day'.	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		positive
FSI_0117	Daily consumption of fruit and vegetables by sex, age and degree of urbanisation	Distribution of the population according to the number of portions of fruit and vegetables consumed per day. The following modalities are used: 'Not eating fruit or vegetables daily, 1 to 4 portions per day, 5 or more portions per day'.	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		positive
FSI_0118	Daily consumption of fruit and vegetables by sex, age and body mass index	Distribution of the population according to the number of portions of fruit and vegetables consumed per day. The following modalities are used: 'Not eating fruit or vegetables daily, 1 to 4 portions per day, 5 or more portions per day'.	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		positive
FSI_0119	Persons eating fruit, vegetables or salad by educational attainment level, risk of poverty threshold, most frequent activity status and sex	The concept of the variables concerns the frequency of eating fruits (juice excluded) and vegetables or salad (potatoes, soups and juice excluded). Reference period: A typical week in a given season. Mode of data collection: Personal interview.	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		positive
FSI_0123	Frequency of fruit and vegetables consumption by sex, age and degree of urbanisation	Distribution of the population according to the frequency of consumption of fruit and vegetables. The following modalities are used: 'Once or more a day, 4 to 6 times a week, 1 to 3 times a week, Less than once a week or never'.	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		positive
FSI_0123	Frequency of fruit and vegetables consumption by sex, age and educational attainment level	Distribution of the population according to the frequency of consumption of fruit and vegetables. The following modalities are used: 'Once or more a day, 4 to 6 times a week, 1 to 3 times a week, Less than once a week or never'.	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		positive
FSI_0123	Frequency of fruit and vegetables consumption by sex, age and income quintile	Distribution of the population according to the frequency of consumption of fruit and vegetables. The following modalities are used: 'Once or more a day, 4 to 6 times a week, 1 to 3 times a week, Less than once a week or never'.	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		positive
FSI_0123	Frequency of fruit and vegetables consumption by sex, age and body mass index	Distribution of the population according to the frequency of consumption of fruit and vegetables. The following modalities are used: 'Once or more a day, 4 to 6 times a week, 1 to 3 times a week, Less than once a week or never'.	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		positive
FSI_0125	Frequency of drinking sugar-sweetened soft drinks by sex, age and educational attainment level	Distribution of the population according to the frequency of drinking sugar-sweetened soft drinks. The following modalities are used: 'Once or more a day, 4 to 6 times a week, 1 to 3 times a week, Never or occasionally' (only in wave 3).	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		negative
FSI_0125	Frequency of drinking sugar-sweetened soft drinks by sex, age and body mass index	Distribution of the population according to the frequency of drinking sugar-sweetened soft drinks. The following modalities are used: 'Once or more a day, 4 to 6 times a week, 1 to 3 times a week, Never or occasionally' (only in wave 3).	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		negative
FSI_0126	Frequency of drinking pure fruit or vegetable juice by sex, age and educational attainment level	Frequency of drinking pure fruit or vegetable juice: Distribution of the population according to the frequency of drinking pure fruit or vegetable juice. The following modalities are used: 'Once or more a day, 4 to 6 times a week, 1 to 3 times a week, Never or occasionally' (only in wave 3).	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		negative
FSI_0127	Daily consumption of meat and meat products (different population groups selectable)	Median/mean amount consumed per day	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		negative
FSI_0128	Daily consumption of legumes (different population groups selectable)	Median/mean amount consumed per day	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		positive
FSI_0129	Daily consumption of milk and dairy products (different population groups selectable)	Median/mean amount consumed per day	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		negative
FSI_0130	Daily consumption of soft drinks (different population groups selectable)	Median/mean amount consumed per day	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		negative
FSI_0131	Contribution of meat products to daily energy intake	Intake of energy, total meat intake and proportion of ruminant meat have been found by the authors to be the main contributors to environmental footprints.	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		negative
FSI_0132	Contribution of ruminant meat products to daily energy intake	Intake of energy, total meat intake and proportion of ruminant meat have been found by the authors to be the main contributors to environmental footprints.	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption		negative
FSI_0133	Consumption of iodized salt	Percentage of households which have salt they used for cooking that tested positive (>0ppm) for presence of iodine.	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour			consumption food processing retail		positive
FSI_0134	Daily concumption of fresh fruit among 6-9-year-olds	Fruit and vegetables are rich sources of essential nutrients and are important components of a healthy diet. Insufficient fruit and vegetable consumption can contribute to energy imbalance and difficulty maintaining a healthy body weight, while promoting fruit and vegetable consumption has been highlighted as important for obesity prevention (4,18). WHO recommends consumption of at least five portions of fruit and vegetables per day for the prevention of NCDs and to help ensure adequate intake of dietary fibre (19). National surveys in most countries indicate that the level of fruit and vegetable consumption in the WHO European Region is still poor (20), and all international and national authorities advise plentiful consumption of fruit and vegetables as part of healthy diets.	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour	Percentage		consumption		positive
FSI_0135	Daily concumption of vegetables among 6-9-year-olds	Fruit and vegetables are rich sources of essential nutrients and are important components of a healthy diet. Insufficient fruit and vegetable consumption can contribute to energy imbalance and difficulty maintaining a healthy body weight, while promoting fruit and vegetable consumption has been highlighted as important for obesity prevention (4,18). WHO recommends consumption of at least five portions of fruit and vegetables per day for the prevention of NCDs and to help ensure adequate intake of dietary fibre (19). National surveys in most countries indicate that the level of fruit and vegetable consumption in the WHO European Region is still poor (20), and all international and national authorities advise plentiful consumption of fruit and vegetables as part of healthy diets.	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour	Percentage		consumption		positive
FSI_0136	Frequent consumption of soft drinks (>3 days/week) among 6-9-year-olds	Across the WHO European Region, children's sugar intake is too high, with children commonly consuming more than 10% of their daily calories from added sugars (21), and soft drinks are a major contributor. High intake of sugar-sweetened drinks is associated with a greater risk of weight gain and obesity (22,23) and has a detrimental impact on dental health (24).	health impacts	-	Nutritional behaviour	Percentage		consumption		negative
FSI_0137	Nitrate in groundwater (sdg_06_40)	This indicator shows concentrations of nitrate (NO3) in groundwater bodies measured as milligrams per litre (mg NO3/L). The indicator can be used to illustrate geographical variations in current concentrations and temporal trends. Large inputs of nitrogen to water bodies from urban areas, industry, and agricultural areas, can have negative impacts on the use of water for human consumption and other purposes. The data stem from the EEA Waterbase database on the status and quality of Europe's rivers.	health impacts	-	Food quality & safety			primary food production	EU_SDG_06_40	negative
FSI_0138	Percentage of population using safely managed drinking water services	The percentage of people using drinking water from an improved source that is accessible on premises, available when needed and free from faecal and priority chemical contamination. Improved water sources include piped water, boreholes or tubewells, protected dug wells, protected springs, and packaged or delivered water.	health impacts	-	Food quality & safety	Percentage		retail		positive
FSI_0139	Percentage of population using at least basic drinking water services	The percentage of people using at least basic drinking water services. This indicator encompasses people using basic drinking water services as well as those using safely managed drinking water services. Basic drinking water services is defined as drinking water from an improved source.	health impacts	-	Food quality & safety	Percentage		retail		positive
FSI_0140	Percentage of population using safely managed sanitation services	The percentage of the population using safely managed sanitation facilities which are not shared with other households and where excreta are safely disposed in situ or transported and treated off-site.	health impacts	-	Food quality & safety	Percentage		consumption		positive
FSI_0141	Percentage of population using at least basic sanitation services	The percentage of people using at least basic sanitation services. This indicator encompasses people using basic sanitation services as well as those using safely managed sanitation services. Basic sanitation facilities are defined as not shared with other household. Safely managed sanitation facilities are defined as improved facilities that are not shared with other households and where excreta are safely disposed of in situ or removed and treated offsite.	health impacts	-	Food quality & safety	Percentage		consumption		positive
FSI_0142	Prevalence of undernourishment (3-year average)	The prevalence of undernourishment expresses the probability that a randomly selected individual from the population consumes an amount of calories that is insufficient to cover her/his energy requirement for an active and healthy life. The indicator is computed by comparing a probability distribution of habitual daily dietary energy consumption with a threshold level called the minimum dietary energy Requirement. Both are based on the notion of an average individual in the reference population.	health impacts	-	Malnutrition	Percentage		consumption retail		negative
FSI_0143	Percentage of children under 5 years of age who are stunted (modelled estimates)	Percentage of stunting (height-for-age less than -2 standard deviations of the WHO Child Growth Standards median) among children aged 0-59 months.	health impacts	-	Malnutrition	Percentage		consumption retail		negative
FSI_0144	Prevalence of severe food insecurity in the total population (3-year average)	The prevalence of severe food insecurity is an estimate of the percentage of people in the population who live in households classified as severely food insecure. The assessment is conducted using data collected with the Food Insecurity Experience Scale or a compatible experience-based food security measurement questionnaire (such as the HFSSM). The probability to be food insecure is estimated using the one-parameter logistic Item Response Theory model (the Rasch model) and thresholds for classification are made cross country comparable by calibrating the metrics obtained in each country against the FIES global reference scale, maintained by FAO. The threshold to classify "severe" food insecurity corresponds to the severity associated with the item "having not eaten for an entire day" on the global FIES scale. In simpler terms, a household is classified as severely food insecure when at least one adult in the household has reported to have been exposed, at times during the year, to several of the most severe experiences described in the FIES questions, such as to have been forced to reduce the quantity of the food, to have skipped meals, having gone hungry, or having to go for a whole day without eating because of a lack of money or other resources. It is an indicator of lack of food access.	health impacts	-	Food access	Percentage		consumption		negative
FSI_0145	Prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the total population (3-year average)	The prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity is an estimate of the percentage of people in the population who live in households classified as moderately or severely food insecure. The assessment is conducted using data collected with the Food Insecurity Experience Scale or a compatible experience-based food security measurement questionnaire (such as the HFSSM). The probability to be food insecure is estimated using the one-parameter logistic Item Response Theory model (the Rasch model) and thresholds for classification are made cross country comparable by calibrating the metrics obtained in each country against the FIES global reference scale, maintained by FAO. The threshold to classify "moderate or severe" food insecurity corresponds to the severity associated with the item "having to eat less" on the global FIES scale. In simpler terms, a household is classified as moderately or severely food insecure when at least one adult in the household has reported to have been exposed, at times during the year, to low quality diets and might have been forced to also reduce the quantity of food they would normally eat because of a lack of money or other resources. It is an indicator of lack of food access.	health impacts	-	Food access	Percentage		consumption		negative
FSI_0146	Gross domestic product per capita, PPP, (constant 2017 international $)	GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP as the U.S. dollar has in the United States. GDP at purchaser's prices is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in constant 2011 international dollars.	health impacts	-	Food access			consumption		positive
FSI_0147	Rail lines density (total route in km per 100 square km of land area)	Rail lines density corresponds to the ratio between the length of railway route available for train service, irrespective of the number of parallel tracks (rail lines, total route in km) with the area of the country.	health impacts	-	Food access	Kilometre		consumption		positive
FSI_0170	Proportion of agricultural land area that has achieved an acceptable or desirable level of food security	see metadata (section 2.4.1): https://files-faostat.fao.org/production/SDGB/Metadata.xlsx	health impacts	-	Food access	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0149	Average dietary energy supply adequacy (3-year average)	The indicator expresses the Dietary Energy Supply (DES) as a percentage of the Average Dietary Energy Requirement (ADER). Each country's or region's average supply of calories for food consumption is normalized by the average dietary energy requirement estimated for its population to provide an index of adequacy of the food supply in terms of calories.	health impacts	-	Food availability	Percentage		consumption		undefined
FSI_0151	Dietary energy supply used in the estimation of prevalence of undernourishment	National average dietary energy supply (DES) (expressed in calories per caput per day) used in the estimation of prevalence of undernourishment. The data may be different from the DES data published in the Food Balance Sheets domain.	health impacts	-	Food availability			consumption		undefined
FSI_0151	Dietary energy supply used in the estimation of prevalence of undernourishment (3-year average)	National average dietary energy supply (DES) (expressed in calories per caput per day) used in the estimation of prevalence of undernourishment. The data may be different from the DES data published in the Food Balance Sheets domain	health impacts	-	Food availability			consumption		undefined
FSI_0152	Average protein supply (3-year average)	National average protein supply (expressed in grams per caput per day).	health impacts	-	Food availability			consumption		undefined
FSI_0153	Average supply of protein of animal origin (3-year average)	National average protein supply (expressed in grams per caput per day). It includes the following groups: meat; offals; animal fats and products; milk and products; eggs, fish, seafood and products; and acquatic products, other.	health impacts	-	Food availability			consumption		negative
FSI_0154	Average fat supply (3-year average)	National average fat supply (expressed in grams per caput per day).	health impacts	-	Food availability			consumption		undefined
FSI_0155	Productivity of large-scale food producers	see metadata (section 2.3.1): https://files-faostat.fao.org/production/SDGB/Metadata.xlsx	health impacts	-	Food availability			primary food production		positive
FSI_0156	Productivity of small-scale food producers	see metadata (section 2.3.1): https://files-faostat.fao.org/production/SDGB/Metadata.xlsx	health impacts	-	Food availability			primary food production		positive
FSI_0170	Proportion of agricultural land area that has achieved an acceptable or desirable level of farm output value per hectare	see metadata (section 2.4.1): https://files-faostat.fao.org/production/SDGB/Metadata.xlsx	health impacts	-	Food availability	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0158	Agricultural land (% of land area)	Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops.	health impacts	-	Food availability	Percentage of area		primary food production		positive
FSI_0159	Food production index	Food production index covers food crops that are considered edible and that contain nutrients. Coffee and tea are excluded because, although edible, they have no nutritive value.	health impacts	-	Food availability			primary food production		positive
FSI_0160	Protein supply quantity of vegetal products	Food Balance Sheet presents a comprehensive picture of the pattern of a country's food supply during a specified reference period. The food balance sheet shows for each food item - i.e. each primary commodity and a number of processed commodities potentially available for human consumption - the sources of supply and its utilization. The total quantity of foodstuffs produced in a country added to the total quantity imported and adjusted to any change in stocks that may have occurred since the beginning of the reference period gives the supply available during that period. On the utilization side a distinction is made between the quantities exported, fed to livestock, used for seed, put to manufacture for food use and non-food uses, losses during storage and transportation, and food supplies available for human consumption. The per caput supply of each such food item available for human consumption is then obtained by dividing the respective quantity by the related data on the population actually partaking of it. Data on per caput food supplies are expressed in terms of quantity and - by applying appropriate food composition factors for all primary and processed products - also in terms of caloric value and protein and fat content.	health impacts	-	Food availability			consumption		positive
FSI_0161	Protein supply quantity of animal products	Food Balance Sheet presents a comprehensive picture of the pattern of a country's food supply during a specified reference period. The food balance sheet shows for each food item - i.e. each primary commodity and a number of processed commodities potentially available for human consumption - the sources of supply and its utilization. The total quantity of foodstuffs produced in a country added to the total quantity imported and adjusted to any change in stocks that may have occurred since the beginning of the reference period gives the supply available during that period. On the utilization side a distinction is made between the quantities exported, fed to livestock, used for seed, put to manufacture for food use and non-food uses, losses during storage and transportation, and food supplies available for human consumption. The per caput supply of each such food item available for human consumption is then obtained by dividing the respective quantity by the related data on the population actually partaking of it. Data on per caput food supplies are expressed in terms of quantity and - by applying appropriate food composition factors for all primary and processed products - also in terms of caloric value and protein and fat content.	health impacts	-	Food availability			consumption		negative
FSI_0162	Food supply quantity by food group (e.g. selectable: Vegetables, Fruits, Meat)	Food Balance Sheet presents a comprehensive picture of the pattern of a country's food supply during a specified reference period. The food balance sheet shows for each food item - i.e. each primary commodity and a number of processed commodities potentially available for human consumption - the sources of supply and its utilization. The total quantity of foodstuffs produced in a country added to the total quantity imported and adjusted to any change in stocks that may have occurred since the beginning of the reference period gives the supply available during that period. On the utilization side a distinction is made between the quantities exported, fed to livestock, used for seed, put to manufacture for food use and non-food uses, losses during storage and transportation, and food supplies available for human consumption. The per caput supply of each such food item available for human consumption is then obtained by dividing the respective quantity by the related data on the population actually partaking of it. Data on per caput food supplies are expressed in terms of quantity and - by applying appropriate food composition factors for all primary and processed products - also in terms of caloric value and protein and fat content.	health impacts	-	Food availability			consumption		undefined
FSI_0163	Per capita food supply variability (kcal/cap/day)	Per capita food supply variability corresponds to the variability of the "food supply in kcal/caput/day" as disseminated in FAOSTAT.	health impacts	-	Food stability			consumption		negative
FSI_0164	Percent of arable land equipped for irrigation (3-year average)	Ratio between arable land equipped for irrigation and total arable land.	health impacts	-	Food stability	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0165	Cereal import dependency ratio (3-year average)	The cereal imports dependency ratio tells how much of the available domestic food supply of cereals has been imported and how much comes from the country's own production. It is computed as(cereal imports - cereal exports)/(cereal production + cereal imports - cereal exports) * 100 Given this formula the indicator assumes only values <= 100. Negative values indicate that the country is a net exporter of cereals.	health impacts	-	Food stability	Percentage		primary food production		negative
FSI_0166	Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate)	Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The agriculture sector consists of activities in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing, in accordance with division 1 (ISIC 2) or categories A-B (ISIC 3) or category A (ISIC 4).	societal impacts	-	Employm. in agric._food sector			primary food production		positive
FSI_0167	Share of people employed in agriculture/beverage/fishing and aquaculture/food (vs. EU27)	Share of employed people is calculated by dividing the number of employees in the sector in the respective country by the total number in the EU	societal impacts	-	Employm. in agric._food sector			food processing primary food production retail transport		positive
FSI_0168	Average income of large-scale food producers	see metadata (section 2.3.2): https://files-faostat.fao.org/production/SDGB/Metadata.xlsx	societal impacts	-	Working cond._agric. food sect.			primary food production		positive
FSI_0169	Average income of small-scale food producers	see metadata (section 2.3.2): https://files-faostat.fao.org/production/SDGB/Metadata.xlsx	societal impacts	-	Working cond._agric. food sect.			primary food production		positive
FSI_0170	Proportion of agricultural land area that has achieved an acceptable or desirable level of wage rate in agriculture	see metadata (section 2.4.1): https://files-faostat.fao.org/production/SDGB/Metadata.xlsx	societal impacts	-	Working cond._agric. food sect.	Percentage		primary food production		positive
FSI_0171	Employment rates by sex, age, educational attainment level, country of birth and degree of urbanisation	NA; See the linked Reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/reg_lmk_esms.htm	societal impacts	-	General (un)employment			consumption		positive
FSI_0172	Persons living in households with very low work intensity, by age group (sdg_01_40)	People in the age of 0 to 64 years living in households where the adults worked a working time equal or less than 20 % of their total combined work-time potential during the previous year. As adults count people in the age of 18 to 64 years. Students aged 18 to 24 years; people who are retired according to their self-defined current economic status or who receive any pension (except survivor's pension); and people in the age bracket 60 to 64 who are inactive and living in a household where the main income is pensions, are not taken into account. The indicator is part of the multioutcome_typeal poverty index.	societal impacts	-	General (un)employment			consumption	EU_SDG_01_40	negative
FSI_0173	Employment rate by sex (sdg_08_30)	The employment rate of the total population is calculated by dividing the number of person aged 20 to 64 in employment by the total population of the same age group. The employment rate of men is calculated by dividing the number of men aged 20 to 64 in employment by the total male population of the same age group. The employment rate of women is calculated by dividing the number of women aged 20 to 64 in employment by the total female population of the same age group. The indicators are based on the EU Labour Force Survey.	societal impacts	-	General (un)employment			consumption	EU_SDG_08_30	positive
FSI_0174	Unemployment rates by sex, age and educational attainment level	NA; See the linked Reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/lfsq_esms.htm#shortsource_typeDisseminated	societal impacts	-	General (un)employment			consumption		negative
FSI_0175	Long-term unemployment by sex	NA; See the linked Reference metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/lfsi_esms.htm	societal impacts	-	General (un)employment			consumption		negative
FSI_0176	Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate)	Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment.	societal impacts	-	General (un)employment			consumption		negative
FSI_0177	Persons at risk of poverty or social exclusion (sdg_01_10)	This indicator corresponds to the sum of persons who are: at risk of poverty after social transfers, severely materially deprived or living in households with very low work intensity. Persons are counted only once even if they are affected by more than one of these phenomena. • Persons are considered to be at risk of poverty after social transfers, if they have an equivalised disposable income below the risk-of-poverty threshold, which is set at 60 % of the national median equivalised disposable income. • Severely materially or socially deprived persons have living conditions severely constrained by a lack of resources, they experience at least 7 out of 13 following deprivations items: cannot afford i) to pay rent or utility bills, ii) keep home adequately warm, iii) face unexpected expenses, iv) eat meat, fish or a protein equivalent every second day, v) a week holiday away from home, vi) have access to a car/van for personal use; vii) replace worn out furniture; viii) replace worn-out clothes with some new ones; ix) have two pairs of properly fitting shoes; x) spend a small amount of money each week on him/herself ("pocket money"); xi) have regular leisure activities; xii) get together with friends/family for a drink/meal at least once a month; and xiii) have an internet connection. • People living in households with very low work intensity are those aged 0-64 living in households where the adults (aged 18-64) work 20 % or less of their total work potential during the past year. In order to measure child poverty, the indicator is available for the age group 0-17.	societal impacts	-	Income distribut._Poverty risk			consumption	EU_SDG_01_10	negative
FSI_0178	Income Equality/Income distribution	Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality.	societal impacts	-	Income distribut._Poverty risk			consumption		negative
FSI_0179	Persons at risk of poverty or social exclusion by degree of urbanisation (sdg_01_10a) (broken down by Cities, Towns and suburbs and Rural areas)	This indicator corresponds to the sum of persons who are: at risk of poverty after social transfers, severely materially or socially deprived or living in households with very low work intensity. Persons are counted only once even if they are affected by more than one of these phenomena. The data is presented by degree of urbanisation. Based on the share of local population living in urban clusters and in urban centres, this typology classifies Local Administrative Units (LAU or communes) into three types of area: • Cities (densely populated areas) • Towns and suburbs (intermediate density areas) • Rural areas (thinly populated areas).	societal impacts	-	Income distribut._Poverty risk			consumption	EU_SDG_01_10a	negative
FSI_0180	Income share held by lowest 20%	Inequality in the distribution of income is reflected in the share of income or consumption accruing to a portion of the population ranked by income or consumption levels. The portions ranked lowest by personal income receive the smallest shares of total income. Data on the distribution of income or consumption come from nationally representative household surveys. Where the original data from the household survey were available, they have been used to directly calculate the income or consumption shares by quintile. Otherwise, shares have been estimated from the best available grouped data. The distribution data have been adjusted for household size, providing a more consistent measure of per capita income or consumption. The year reflects the year in which the underlying household survey data were collected or, when the data collection period bridged two calendar years, the year data collection started. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.	societal impacts	-	Income distribut._Poverty risk			consumption		positive
FSI_0181	Income share held by highest 20%	Inequality in the distribution of income is reflected in the share of income or consumption accruing to a portion of the population ranked by income or consumption levels. The portions ranked lowest by personal income receive the smallest shares of total income. Data on the distribution of income or consumption come from nationally representative household surveys. Where the original data from the household survey were available, they have been used to directly calculate the income or consumption shares by quintile. Otherwise, shares have been estimated from the best available grouped data. The distribution data have been adjusted for household size, providing a more consistent measure of per capita income or consumption. The year reflects the year in which the underlying household survey data were collected or, when the data collection period bridged two calendar years, the year data collection started. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.	societal impacts	-	Income distribut._Poverty risk			consumption		negative
FSI_0182	Proportion of people living below 50 percent of median income	The percentage of people in the population who live in households whose per capita income or consumption is below half of the median income or consumption per capita. The median is measured at 2017 Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) using the Poverty and Inequality Platform (http://www.pip.worldbank.org). For some countries, medians are not reported due to grouped and/or confidential data. The reference year is the year in which the underlying household survey data was collected. In cases for which the data collection period bridged two calendar years, the first year in which data were collected is reported.	societal impacts	-	Income distribut._Poverty risk	Percentage		consumption		negative
FSI_0183	Coefficient of variation of habitual caloric consumption distribution (real number)	For many countries, the coefficient of variation, taken as an indicator of the dispersion of the food consumption distribution within the general population, is derived from available household surveys that collect data on both food consumption/acquisition and income/expenditure. When appropriate data for directly estimating the variability of food consumption are not readily available, indirect procedures are used by FAO to estimate a suitable value for this parameter.	societal impacts	-	Food Equity			consumption		negative
FSI_0184	Labor force participation rate, female	Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate); Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the population ages 15 and older that is economically active: all people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period.	societal impacts	-	Gender Equity					positive
FSI_0185	Legal guarantees to women's equal rights to land ownership and/or control	Indicator 5.a.2 assesses the extent to which the national legal frameworks (including customary law) guarantee women's equal rights to land ownership and/or control. SDG indicator 5.a.2 focuses on legal questions relating to the following six proxies drawn from the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) and the Voluntary Guidelines for the Responisble Governance of the Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forestry (VGGTs) : Proxy A: Joint registration of land jointly owned by the spouses is compulsory or encouraged through economic incentives Proxy B: Compulsory spousal consent for transactions of jointly owned land or the family home Proxy C: Women's and girls' equal inheritance rights in estate successions Proxy D: Allocation of financial resources to increase women's land ownership Proxy E: If customary land tenure or customary law is recognised, the existence of an explicit protection of women's land rights Proxy F: Mandatory quotas for women's participation in land management and administration institutions or in public functions more generally Concepts: For more details, consult https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/files/Metadata-05-0A-02.pdf	societal impacts	-	Gender Equity			primary food production		positive
FSI_0186	Annual Population	The FAOSTAT Population module contains time series data on population, by sex and urban/rural. The series consist of both estimates and projections for different periods as available from the original sources, namely: 1. Population data refers to the World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision from the UN Population Division. 2. Urban/rural population data refers to the World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision from the UN Population Division. /	societal impacts	-	Demography					undefined
FSI_0187	Population ages 15-64	Total population between the ages 15 to 64 as a percentage of the total population. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship.	societal impacts	-	Demography					undefined
FSI_0188	Individuals using the Internet	Internet users are individuals who have used the Internet (from any location) in the last 3 months. The Internet can be used via a computer, mobile phone, personal digital assistant, games machine, digital TV etc.	societal impacts	-	Social resilience					positive
FSI_0189	Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people)	Mobile cellular telephone subscriptions are subscriptions to a public mobile telephone service that provide access to the PSTN using cellular technology. The indicator includes (and is split into) the number of postpaid subscriptions, and the number of active prepaid accounts (i.e. that have been used during the last three months). The indicator applies to all mobile cellular subscriptions that offer voice communications. It excludes subscriptions via data cards or USB modems, subscriptions to public mobile data services, private trunked mobile radio, telepoint, radio paging and telemetry services. Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) indicator is derived by all mobile subscriptions divided by the country's population and multiplied by 100.	societal impacts	-	Social resilience					positive
FSI_0190	Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism: Estimate	Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism measures perceptions of the likelihood of political instability and/or politically-motivated violence, including terrorism. Estimate gives the country's score on the aggregate indicator, in units of a standard normal distribution, i.e. ranging from approximately -2.5 to 2.5.	societal impacts	-	Social resilience					positive
FSI_0191	Rural NGA (Next Generation Access) broadband coverage/availability	Coverage is a supply indicator defined as the percentage of Households living in areas served by NGA. Next Generation Access includes the following technologies: FTTH, FTTB, Cable Docsis 3.0, VDSL and other superfast broadband (at least 30 Mbps download). Rural areas are defined as those with less than 100 people per km2.	societal impacts	-	Rural development					positive